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       早的銑邊機是惠特尼于1818年創造的臥式銑邊機；為了銑削麻花鉆頭的螺旋槽，美國布朗于1862年創造了一臺銑邊機，這是電梯銑邊機的原型；1884年左右，龍門銑床出現；20世紀20年代，半主動銑床出現，操作臺可以使用擋塊完成“進給-決速”或“決速-進給”的主動轉換。
1950年以后，銑床迅速打開了控制系統，數字控制的應用大大提高了銑床的主動性。特別是20世紀70年代以后，微處理器的數字控制系統和主動換刀系統在銑床上得到了應用，擴大了銑床的加工方案，提高了加工精度和功率。
      銑床種類繁多，通常根據方案和適用方案進行區分。主要有升降臺銑床、龍門銑床、單柱銑床、單臂銑床、外觀銑床、東西銑床等。
電梯銑床有多種功能、水平和垂直，主要用于加工中小型零件，應用最廣泛；龍門銑床包括龍門銑床、龍門銑床和雙柱銑床，用于加工大型零件；單柱銑床水平銑頭可沿柱導軌移動，作業臺縱向進給；單臂銑床可沿懸臂導軌水平移動，懸臂也可沿柱導軌調整高度。單柱銑床和單臂銑床都用于加工大型零件。
外銑床銑邊機
刨床

      直線運(yun)動機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)用(yong)(yong)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)刀(dao)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)削工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)、溝槽或成型(xing)表面(mian)(mian)。刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具簡(jian)單，但生產率低（加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)長窄(zhai)(zhai)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)外），主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)單件(jian)(jian)(jian)、小(xiao)批(pi)量生產和(he)機(ji)械維修車間，在(zai)大批(pi)量生產中(zhong)經常被銑床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)取(qu)代。根據規劃(hua)(hua)和(he)功能，刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)分為牛(niu)頭(tou)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)、龍門(men)(men)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)、單臂刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)和(he)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)（如大鋼板邊緣的(de)一些(xie)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)、刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)沖頭(tou)和(he)形狀(zhuang)凌亂的(de)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)）。牛(niu)頭(tou)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)以(yi)滑(hua)枕和(he)刀(dao)架(jia)的(de)形狀(zhuang)命名(ming)。刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)刀(dao)安裝在(zai)滑(hua)枕的(de)刀(dao)架(jia)上進(jin)行縱向往復(fu)運(yun)動，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)切割各種平(ping)面(mian)(mian)和(he)凹槽。龍門(men)(men)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)以(yi)由頂梁和(he)柱組(zu)成的(de)龍門(men)(men)計劃(hua)(hua)命名(ming)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺通(tong)過龍門(men)(men)計劃(hua)(hua)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行直線往復(fu)運(yun)動，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)大平(ping)面(mian)(mian)（特別是(shi)長窄(zhai)(zhai)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)），也(ye)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)溝槽或一起加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)幾個(ge)中(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)。大型(xing)龍門(men)(men)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)往往配(pei)備銑頭(tou)和(he)磨(mo)頭(tou)號部件(jian)(jian)(jian)，使工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)一次設備后完成刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、銑、磨(mo)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。單臂刨(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)有(you)單柱和(he)懸臂，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺沿床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)導軌(gui)進(jin)行縱向往復(fu)運(yun)動，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)寬度(du)較大，不需要(yao)在(zai)整個(ge)寬度(du)上加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)。

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